{
  "Spase": {
    "xmlns": "http://www.spase-group.org/data/schema",
    "xmlns:xsi": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance",
    "xsi:schemaLocation": "https://www.spase-group.org/data/schema https://www.spase-group.org/data/schema/spase-2.7.2.xsd",
    "Version": "2.7.2",
    "MetadataRightsList": {
      "Rights": {
        "SchemeURI": "https://spdx.org/licenses/",
        "RightsIdentifierScheme": "SPDX",
        "RightsIdentifier": "CC0-1.0",
        "RightsURI": "https://spdx.org/licenses/CC0-1.0.html",
        "RightsName": "Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal",
        "Note": "CC0 1.0 Universal is the Creative Commons license applicable to all publicly available SPASE metadata descriptions"
      }
    },
    "NumericalData": {
      "ResourceID": "spase://NASA/NumericalData/MarsScienceLaboratory/RAD/Observation/Level2",
      "NamingAuthority": "NASA",
      "ResourceType": "NumericalData",
      "ResourceHeader": {
        "ResourceName": "Mars Science Laboratory (MSL), Radiation Assessment Detector (RAD), Level 2 Observation Dosimetry, LET, and Neutral-Particle Data",
        "AlternateName": "MSL_RAD_OBS-L2",
        "DOI": "https://doi.org/10.48322/20qb-4e17",
        "ReleaseDate": "2026-10-03T19:00:04Z",
        "RevisionHistory": {
          "RevisionEvent": [
            {
              "ReleaseDate": "2025-07-07T12:34:56.789Z",
              "Note": "Initial release of metadata, ADAPT generated, LFB"
            },
            {
              "ReleaseDate": "2026-09-16T12:34:56.789Z",
              "Note": "Curated and checked for SPASE 2.7.2 structural and semantic consistency, OK"
            },
            {
              "ReleaseDate": "2026-10-03T19:00:04Z",
              "Note": "Added DOI. tlk"
            }
          ]
        },
        "Description": "Mars Science Laboratory Radiation Assessment Detector (RAD) Level 2 observation data for Mars surface operations. The record contains quality-filtered variables, identified by the _f suffix, and corresponding all-quality variables for detector alive time, dose-rate products, linear energy transfer (LET) spectra, and neutral-radiation histograms, together with associated bin and axis support variables and the FLAGGED_DATA quality indicator. Dose products include total detector B dose rate, MMRTG-corrected detector B dose rate, detector E dose rate, and 16 sub-observation time-slice values. Neutral histograms represent neutron and gamma-ray events measured by detectors D and E. The RAD instrument is described in detail by Hassler et al. (2012).",
        "Acknowledgement": "Please acknowledge the RAD Principal Investigator Dr. Donald M. Hassler, the MSL/RAD data providers, and NASA/GSFC SPDF/CDAWeb when using these data.",
        "PublicationInfo": {
          "Authors": "Donald M. Hassler",
          "PublicationDate": "2026-10-03T15:17:54.000Z",
          "PublishedBy": "Space Physics Data Facility"
        },
        "Contact": {
          "PersonID": "spase://SMWG/Person/Donald.M.Hassler",
          "Role": "PrincipalInvestigator"
        },
        "InformationURL": [
          {
            "Name": "The Radiation Assessment Detector (RAD) Investigation",
            "URL": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11214-012-9913-1",
            "Description": "Instrument description in The Radiation Assessment Detector (RAD) Investigation by Hassler et al. (2012).",
            "Language": "en"
          },
          {
            "Name": "MSL RAD Reduced Data Record Software Interface Specification",
            "URL": "https://pds-ppi.igpp.ucla.edu/data/MSL-M-RAD-3-RDR-V1.0/DOCUMENT/RAD_RDR_SIS.PDF",
            "Description": "RAD reduced-data product structure, processing, histogram, and dosimetry definitions.",
            "Language": "en"
          }
        ]
      },
      "AccessInformation": {
        "RepositoryID": "spase://SMWG/Repository/NASA/GSFC/SPDF/CDAWeb",
        "Availability": "Online",
        "AccessRights": "Open",
        "RightsList": {
          "Rights": {
            "SchemeURI": "https://spdx.org/licenses/",
            "RightsIdentifierScheme": "SPDX",
            "RightsIdentifier": "CC0-1.0",
            "RightsURI": "https://spdx.org/licenses/CC0-1.0.html",
            "RightsName": "Creative Commons Zero v1.0 Universal",
            "Note": "CC0 1.0 Universal is the Creative Commons license applicable to all publicly available NASA Heliophysics data products"
          }
        },
        "AccessURL": [
          {
            "Name": "FTPS from SPDF (not with most browsers)",
            "URL": "ftps://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/aaa_planetary/msl/rad/cdf/obs-l2/",
            "ProductKey": "MSL_RAD_OBS-L2",
            "Description": "Access to Data in CDF Format via ftps from SPDF"
          },
          {
            "Name": "HTTPS from SPDF",
            "URL": "https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/aaa_planetary/msl/rad/cdf/obs-l2/",
            "ProductKey": "MSL_RAD_OBS-L2",
            "Description": "Access to Data in CDF Format via https from SPDF"
          },
          {
            "Name": "CDAWeb",
            "URL": "https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/eval2.cgi?dataset=MSL_RAD_OBS-L2&index=sp_phys",
            "ProductKey": "MSL_RAD_OBS-L2",
            "Description": "Access to ASCII, CDF, and plots via NASA/GSFC CDAWeb"
          }
        ],
        "Format": "CDF",
        "Encoding": "None",
        "Acknowledgement": "Please acknowledge the Principal Investigator D.M. Hassler, the MSL/RAD data providers, and NASA/GSFC SPDF/CDAWeb when using these data."
      },
      "ProcessingLevel": "Calibrated",
      "InstrumentID": "spase://SMWG/Instrument/MarsScienceLaboratory/RAD",
      "MeasurementType": "EnergeticParticles",
      "TemporalDescription": {
        "TimeSpan": {
          "StartDate": "2011-11-20T18:29:59.000Z",
          "RelativeStopDate": "P0D"
        }
      },
      "ObservedRegion": "Mars",
      "Parameter": [
        {
          "Name": "Alive Time of detector electronics",
          "Set": "Time series defined by using: EPOCH",
          "ParameterKey": "ALIVE_TIME_f",
          "Description": "[Quality filtered] Actual instrument observation time",
          "Units": "s",
          "RenderingHints": {
            "DisplayType": "TimeSeries",
            "AxisLabel": "Alive Time",
            "ValueFormat": "F8.2"
          },
          "ValidMin": "0.00",
          "ValidMax": "5000.00",
          "FillValue": "-1.0e+31",
          "Support": {
            "SupportQuantity": "Temporal"
          }
        },
        {
          "Name": "Total Dose for B both total, and corrected for RTG background",
          "Set": "Time series defined by using: EPOCH",
          "ParameterKey": "DOSIMETRY_TOTAL_f",
          "Description": "[Quality filtered] Radiation dose rate on Mars (recorded in Si, corrected for MMRTG contribution, and tissue-equivalent plastic)",
          "Units": "µGy/day",
          "RenderingHints": {
            "DisplayType": "TimeSeries",
            "ValueFormat": "F10.3"
          },
          "Structure": {
            "Size": "3",
            "Element": [
              {
                "Name": "Total Dose B",
                "Index": "1"
              },
              {
                "Name": "RTG Corrected Dose B",
                "Index": "2"
              },
              {
                "Name": "Total Dose E",
                "Index": "3"
              }
            ]
          },
          "ValidMin": "0.000",
          "ValidMax": "100000.000",
          "FillValue": "-1.0e+31",
          "Mixed": {
            "MixedQuantity": "Other",
            "Qualifier": "Array"
          }
        },
        {
          "Name": "Total Dose for B and E in 1/16th time increments of an observation",
          "Set": "Time series defined by using: EPOCH",
          "ParameterKey": "DOSIMETRY_TIMESLICE_f",
          "Description": "[Quality filtered] Dose-rate array for detectors B and E at 16 sub-observation time slices; dimension 1 uses DOSIMETRY_TIMESLICE_AXIS and dimension 2 uses DOSIMETRY_DOSE_AXIS.",
          "Units": "µGy/day",
          "RenderingHints": {
            "DisplayType": "Spectrogram",
            "ValueFormat": "F10.3"
          },
          "Structure": {
            "Size": "16 3"
          },
          "FillValue": "-1.0e+31",
          "Mixed": {
            "MixedQuantity": "Other",
            "Qualifier": "Array"
          }
        },
        {
          "Name": "Bin start time",
          "Set": "Time series defined by using: EPOCH",
          "ParameterKey": "DOSIMETRY_TIMESLICE_AXIS",
          "Description": "Start-time support axis for the 16 sub-observation dosimetry intervals.",
          "Units": "rclk",
          "RenderingHints": {
            "AxisLabel": "1/16th timestamp",
            "ValueFormat": "I10",
            "ScaleType": "LinearScale"
          },
          "Structure": {
            "Size": "16"
          },
          "ValidMin": "0",
          "ValidMax": "9999",
          "FillValue": "4294967295",
          "Support": {
            "Qualifier": "Array",
            "SupportQuantity": "Temporal"
          }
        },
        {
          "Name": "Total Dose",
          "Set": "Time series defined by using: EPOCH",
          "ParameterKey": "DOSIMETRY_DOSE_AXIS",
          "Description": "Three-element support axis identifying total detector B dose rate, MMRTG-corrected detector B dose rate, and total detector E dose rate.",
          "Units": "µGy/day",
          "RenderingHints": {
            "AxisLabel": "Dosimetry",
            "ValueFormat": "I4"
          },
          "Structure": {
            "Size": "3"
          },
          "ValidMin": "0",
          "ValidMax": "255",
          "FillValue": "255",
          "Support": {
            "Qualifier": "Array",
            "SupportQuantity": "Other"
          }
        },
        {
          "Name": "LET spectrum in silicon",
          "Set": "Time series defined by using: EPOCH",
          "ParameterKey": "LET_A1A2_f",
          "Description": "[Quality filtered] LET spectrum on Mars in Si (geometric factor ~ 0.9 cm^2 sr)",
          "Units": "counts",
          "RenderingHints": {
            "DisplayType": "Spectrogram",
            "AxisLabel": "LET A1+A2",
            "ValueFormat": "F10.2",
            "ScaleType": "LogScale"
          },
          "Structure": {
            "Size": "52"
          },
          "ValidMin": "0.00",
          "ValidMax": "1000000.00",
          "FillValue": "-1.0e+31",
          "Particle": {
            "ParticleType": [
              "Proton",
              "AlphaParticle",
              "Ion"
            ],
            "Qualifier": "Array",
            "ParticleQuantity": "Counts"
          }
        },
        {
          "Name": "Bin Start",
          "Set": "Time series defined by using: EPOCH",
          "ParameterKey": "LET_BIN_ENERGY",
          "Description": "LET bin-start value for the 52-element silicon LET spectrum.",
          "Units": "keV/micron",
          "RenderingHints": {
            "AxisLabel": "Energy",
            "ValueFormat": "F10.2"
          },
          "Structure": {
            "Size": "52"
          },
          "ValidMin": "0.00",
          "ValidMax": "45000.00",
          "FillValue": "-1.0e+31",
          "Support": {
            "Qualifier": "Array",
            "SupportQuantity": "Other"
          }
        },
        {
          "Name": "Det. D + Det. E counts",
          "Set": "Time series defined by using: EPOCH",
          "ParameterKey": "HISTOGRAM_NEUTRAL_DE_f",
          "Description": "[Quality filtered] Neutral particle (neutrons + gamma rays) counts on Mars",
          "Units": "counts",
          "RenderingHints": {
            "DisplayType": "Spectrogram",
            "AxisLabel": "Neutral D+E",
            "ValueFormat": "F12.3",
            "ScaleType": "LogScale"
          },
          "Structure": {
            "Size": "96"
          },
          "ValidMin": "0.000",
          "ValidMax": "10000000.000",
          "FillValue": "-1.0e+31",
          "Mixed": {
            "MixedQuantity": "Other",
            "ParticleType": "Neutron",
            "Qualifier": "Array"
          }
        },
        {
          "Name": "Counts in Det. D",
          "Set": "Time series defined by using: EPOCH",
          "ParameterKey": "HISTOGRAM_NEUTRAL_D_f",
          "Description": "[Quality filtered] Neutral particle counts in CsI",
          "Units": "counts",
          "RenderingHints": {
            "DisplayType": "Spectrogram",
            "AxisLabel": "Neutral D",
            "ValueFormat": "F12.3",
            "ScaleType": "LogScale"
          },
          "Structure": {
            "Size": "96"
          },
          "ValidMin": "0.000",
          "ValidMax": "10000000.000",
          "FillValue": "-1.0e+31",
          "Mixed": {
            "MixedQuantity": "Other",
            "ParticleType": "Neutron",
            "Qualifier": "Array"
          }
        },
        {
          "Name": "Counts in Det. E",
          "Set": "Time series defined by using: EPOCH",
          "ParameterKey": "HISTOGRAM_NEUTRAL_E_f",
          "Description": "[Quality filtered] Neutral particle counts in tissue-equivalent plastic",
          "Units": "counts",
          "RenderingHints": {
            "DisplayType": "Spectrogram",
            "AxisLabel": "Neutral E",
            "ValueFormat": "F12.3",
            "ScaleType": "LogScale"
          },
          "Structure": {
            "Size": "96"
          },
          "ValidMin": "0.000",
          "ValidMax": "10000000.000",
          "FillValue": "-1.0e+31",
          "Mixed": {
            "MixedQuantity": "Other",
            "ParticleType": "Neutron",
            "Qualifier": "Array"
          }
        },
        {
          "Name": "Alive Time of detector electronics",
          "Set": "Time series defined by using: EPOCH",
          "ParameterKey": "ALIVE_TIME",
          "Description": "[All quality] Actual instrument observation time",
          "Units": "s",
          "RenderingHints": {
            "DisplayType": "TimeSeries",
            "AxisLabel": "Alive Time",
            "ValueFormat": "F8.2"
          },
          "ValidMin": "0.00",
          "ValidMax": "5000.00",
          "FillValue": "-1.0e+31",
          "Support": {
            "SupportQuantity": "Temporal"
          }
        },
        {
          "Name": "Total Dose for B both total, and corrected for RTG background",
          "Set": "Time series defined by using: EPOCH",
          "ParameterKey": "DOSIMETRY_TOTAL",
          "Description": "[All quality] Radiation dose rate on Mars (recorded in Si, corrected for MMRTG contribution, and tissue-equivalent plastic)",
          "Units": "µGy/h",
          "RenderingHints": {
            "DisplayType": "TimeSeries",
            "ValueFormat": "F10.3"
          },
          "Structure": {
            "Size": "3",
            "Element": [
              {
                "Name": "Total Dose B",
                "Index": "1"
              },
              {
                "Name": "RTG Corrected Dose B",
                "Index": "2"
              },
              {
                "Name": "Total Dose E",
                "Index": "3"
              }
            ]
          },
          "ValidMin": "0.000",
          "ValidMax": "100000.000",
          "FillValue": "-1.0e+31",
          "Mixed": {
            "MixedQuantity": "Other",
            "Qualifier": "Array"
          }
        },
        {
          "Name": "Total Dose for B and E in 1/16th time increments of an observation",
          "Set": "Time series defined by using: EPOCH",
          "ParameterKey": "DOSIMETRY_TIMESLICE",
          "Description": "[All quality] Dose-rate array for detectors B and E at 16 sub-observation time slices; dimension 1 uses DOSIMETRY_TIMESLICE_AXIS and dimension 2 uses DOSIMETRY_DOSE_AXIS.",
          "Units": "µGy/h",
          "RenderingHints": {
            "DisplayType": "Spectrogram",
            "ValueFormat": "F10.3"
          },
          "Structure": {
            "Size": "16 3"
          },
          "FillValue": "-1.0e+31",
          "Mixed": {
            "MixedQuantity": "Other",
            "Qualifier": "Array"
          }
        },
        {
          "Name": "LET spectrum in silicon",
          "Set": "Time series defined by using: EPOCH",
          "ParameterKey": "LET_A1A2",
          "Description": "[All quality] LET spectrum on Mars in Si (geometric factor ~ 0.9 cm^2 sr)",
          "Units": "counts",
          "RenderingHints": {
            "DisplayType": "Spectrogram",
            "AxisLabel": "LET A1+A2",
            "ValueFormat": "F10.2",
            "ScaleType": "LogScale"
          },
          "Structure": {
            "Size": "52"
          },
          "ValidMin": "0.00",
          "ValidMax": "1000000.00",
          "FillValue": "-1.0e+31",
          "Particle": {
            "ParticleType": [
              "Proton",
              "AlphaParticle",
              "Ion"
            ],
            "Qualifier": "Array",
            "ParticleQuantity": "Counts"
          }
        },
        {
          "Name": "Det. D + Det. E counts",
          "Set": "Time series defined by using: EPOCH",
          "ParameterKey": "HISTOGRAM_NEUTRAL_DE",
          "Description": "[All quality] Neutral particle (neutrons + gamma rays) counts on Mars",
          "Units": "counts",
          "RenderingHints": {
            "DisplayType": "Spectrogram",
            "AxisLabel": "Neutral D+E",
            "ValueFormat": "F12.3",
            "ScaleType": "LogScale"
          },
          "Structure": {
            "Size": "96"
          },
          "ValidMin": "0.000",
          "ValidMax": "10000000.000",
          "FillValue": "-1.0e+31",
          "Mixed": {
            "MixedQuantity": "Other",
            "ParticleType": "Neutron",
            "Qualifier": "Array"
          }
        },
        {
          "Name": "Counts in Det. D",
          "Set": "Time series defined by using: EPOCH",
          "ParameterKey": "HISTOGRAM_NEUTRAL_D",
          "Description": "[All quality] Neutral particle counts in CsI",
          "Units": "counts",
          "RenderingHints": {
            "DisplayType": "Spectrogram",
            "AxisLabel": "Neutral D",
            "ValueFormat": "F12.3",
            "ScaleType": "LogScale"
          },
          "Structure": {
            "Size": "96"
          },
          "ValidMin": "0.000",
          "ValidMax": "10000000.000",
          "FillValue": "-1.0e+31",
          "Mixed": {
            "MixedQuantity": "Other",
            "ParticleType": "Neutron",
            "Qualifier": "Array"
          }
        },
        {
          "Name": "Counts in Det. E",
          "Set": "Time series defined by using: EPOCH",
          "ParameterKey": "HISTOGRAM_NEUTRAL_E",
          "Description": "[All quality] Neutral particle counts in tissue-equivalent plastic",
          "Units": "counts",
          "RenderingHints": {
            "DisplayType": "Spectrogram",
            "AxisLabel": "Neutral E",
            "ValueFormat": "F12.3",
            "ScaleType": "LogScale"
          },
          "Structure": {
            "Size": "96"
          },
          "ValidMin": "0.000",
          "ValidMax": "10000000.000",
          "FillValue": "-1.0e+31",
          "Mixed": {
            "MixedQuantity": "Other",
            "ParticleType": "Neutron",
            "Qualifier": "Array"
          }
        },
        {
          "Name": "Bin Start Energy",
          "Set": "Time series defined by using: EPOCH",
          "ParameterKey": "HISTOGRAM_BIN_ENERGY_D",
          "Description": "Energy at the start of the bin for detector D",
          "Units": "MeV",
          "RenderingHints": {
            "DisplayType": "TimeSeries",
            "AxisLabel": "Energy",
            "ValueFormat": "F12.3"
          },
          "Structure": {
            "Size": "96"
          },
          "ValidMin": "0.000",
          "ValidMax": "10000000.000",
          "FillValue": "-1.0e+31",
          "Support": {
            "Qualifier": "Array",
            "SupportQuantity": "Other"
          }
        },
        {
          "Name": "Bin Start Energy",
          "Set": "Time series defined by using: EPOCH",
          "ParameterKey": "HISTOGRAM_BIN_ENERGY_E",
          "Description": "Energy at the start of the bin for detector E",
          "Units": "MeV",
          "RenderingHints": {
            "DisplayType": "TimeSeries",
            "AxisLabel": "Energy",
            "ValueFormat": "F12.3"
          },
          "Structure": {
            "Size": "96"
          },
          "ValidMin": "0.000",
          "ValidMax": "10000000.000",
          "FillValue": "-1.0e+31",
          "Support": {
            "Qualifier": "Array",
            "SupportQuantity": "Other"
          }
        },
        {
          "Name": "Flagged data should be removed for science",
          "Set": "Time series defined by using: EPOCH",
          "ParameterKey": "FLAGGED_DATA",
          "Description": "Data-quality indicator. Flagged values identify observations with quality issues from commanding, DAN activity, or other sources; the source metadata states that flagged data should be removed for science use.",
          "RenderingHints": {
            "AxisLabel": "Flagged Data",
            "ValueFormat": "A16"
          },
          "Support": {
            "SupportQuantity": "DataQuality"
          }
        },
        {
          "Name": "Epoch TT2000",
          "ParameterKey": "EPOCH",
          "Description": "CDF TT2000 epoch time tag for each RAD observation.",
          "Units": "day-month-year hour:minute:second",
          "RenderingHints": {
            "AxisLabel": "Epoch"
          },
          "ValidMin": "2005-01-01T00:00:00.000000000",
          "ValidMax": "2035-01-01T00:00:00.000000000",
          "FillValue": "9999-12-31T23:59:59.999999999",
          "Support": {
            "SupportQuantity": "Temporal"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}